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Tel. +49 7626 9749 700Fax +49 7626 9749 709 1. Disorders of Tongue & Mouth
A. Tongue
1. Glossitis
Introduction
1t is an acute or chronic inflammatory condition of the tongue. Etiology
2. Mechanical trauma like jagged teeth, ill-fitting dentures, mouth breathing, repetitive biting during convulsive seizures, burns. 4. Sensitivity to toothpaste, mouthwashes, etc. 2. Anemia - pernicious, iron deficiency. 3. Skin diseases - Lichen planus, Erythema multiforme, Bechet's Types
Clinical Features
1. Reddened tip and edges of the tongue. 3. When there is marked tenderness with swelling it is sufficient 4. Mastication, swallowing and speaking are difficult and sometimes Narayana verlag, 79400 Kandern, Blumenplatz 2 Tel.: 07626 / 974 970 0 Dr.J.P.S.Bakshi: „Gastroenterology” Investigations
Each case of glossitis deserves study since the tongue is often a mirror of the disease. A detailed history may disclose an irritant, contact allergen, sensitizing drug, deficient diet, or other Symptoms of disease. Other mucosal surfaces and the skin should be inspected for evidence of pellagra, erythema multiforme, Syphilis, or lichen planus. Studies for an anemia, mild diabetes mellitus, sprue, and Syphilis should be performed. Prognosis
When the cause can be determined and corrected, response is usually prompt. Response may be delayed in nonspecific or chronic involvement. Lesions such as median rhomboid glossitis and geographic tongue tend to persist. Aphthous ulcers, erythema multiforme, and hairy tongue often recur periodically. Management
Pharmacological Treatment
Oral infections should receive specific therapy. The pain of large lesions that interfere with eating may be relieved temporarily by rinsing with an abundant mouthwash before each meal; dyclonine 0. 5% (lidocaine 5% ointment or 10% spray; benzocaline 2% ointment; dyclonine 0. 5% liquid) applied to discrete lesions also give relief and encourage eating. Occasionally, systemic analgesics (aspirin or acetaminophen 600 mg. 4 hourly) are required. Topical application of triamcinolone acetonide in emollient dental paste to specific lesions t. i. d. or q. i. d. relieves Symptoms and may promote healing. General Treatment
Causative disorders - anemia, vitamin deficiencies, and systemic infections-are treated as indicated. Alcohol, Tobacco, spices, hot and irritating drinks are to be avoided. A bland or liquid diet, preferably cooled, is given. Good oral hygiene, including proper care of the teeth, should be insisted upon. The patient with Symptoms of painful burning but a clinically normal tongue requires special management. After systemic causes (anemia diabetes mellitus) have been ruled out, an emotional basis may be presumed; the patient should be assured that the lesion is not neoplastic. Reassurance and encouragement are important. Narayana verlag, 79400 Kandern, Blumenplatz 2 Tel.: 07626 / 974 970 0 Dr.J.P.S.Bakshi: „Gastroenterology” Homeopathic Repertorial References
Direct references
Mouth; INFLAMMATION; Tongue; chronic On the basis of location
Mouth; INFLAMMATION; Tongue; base Mouth; INFLAMMATION; Tongue; center Mouth; INFLAMMATION; Tongue; left Mouth; INFLAMMATION; Tongue; one-sided Mouth; INFLAMMATION; Tongue; papillae On the basis of etiology
Local
alcohol
Generalities; FOOD and drinks; alcohol, alcoholic drinks; Generalities; FOOD and drinks; alcohol, alcoholic drinks; tobacco
Generalities; TOBACCO; agg.; chewing Generalities; TOBACCO; agg.; smokers, in Generalities; TOBACCO; smoking hot food
Generalities; FOOD and drinks; hot food; agg. spices
Generalities; FOOD and drinks; spices, condiments, piquant, S ystem ic
pellagra
anemia
Generalities; ANEMIA; impaired production of red blood cells; iron deficiency, from, chlorosis Generalities; ANEMIA; impaired production of red blood Narayana verlag, 79400 Kandern, Blumenplatz 2 Tel.: 07626 / 974 970 0 Dr.J.P.S.Bakshi: „Gastroenterology” skin diseases
Skin; ERYTHEMA; exudativum multiforme Skin; LICHEN; planus On the basis of clinical features
red tip of tongue
Mouth; DISCOLORATION; redness; tongue; edges Mouth; DISCOLORATION; redness; tongue; edges; tip, and Mouth; DISCOLORATION; redness; tongue; tip speech difficult
Speech & Voice; SPEECH; difficult; inflammation, from swallowing difficult
Mouth; PAIN; General; Tongue; swallowing, on tenderness with swelling
Mouth; SWELLING; Tongue; painful when; touched tongue movement difficult
Mouth; MOTION; Tongue; difficult; pain, agg. Types of Glossitis
a. Fissured Tongue
Introduction
It is marked by deep longitudinal fissures of the tongue. Congenital fissuring of tongue or 'scrotal tongue' is common and does not have any pathological significance. Fissuring of tongue which is found in chronic superficial glossitis is due to Syphilis. The differentiating factors in chronic superficial glossitis and In chronic superficial glossitis, there are present leukoplakic areas separated by smooth and scarred areas. There is no presence of normal papillae and fissuring is longitudinal. Whereas in 'scrotal tongue', papillae is normal but more or less interrupted by horizontal symmetrical folds. Narayana verlag, 79400 Kandern, Blumenplatz 2 Tel.: 07626 / 974 970 0 Dr.J.P.S.Bakshi: „Gastroenterology” Homeopathic Repertorial References
Direct references
On the basis of location
Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; center Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; center; across Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; directions, in all Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; edges Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; edges; left Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; edges; painful with hard Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; lengthwise Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; tip On the basis of associated conditions
bleeding
Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; bleeding dysentery
Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; dysentery, in, and red peeling
Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; peeling, with typhus
Mouth; CRACKED, fissured; Tongue; typhus, in b. Geographical Tongue (Benign migratory
glossitis, wandering rash of the tongue)
Introduction
Denuded smooth areas of tongue i. e. discrete areas of depapillation of the tongue is known as Geographie tongue. It is a more or less painless condition and the patient may complain of sore tongue. It is characterized by localized irregular red areas and yellow border, and gives the appearance of a map. Etiology
Management
There is no treatment other than reassuring the patient. Narayana verlag, 79400 Kandern, Blumenplatz 2 Tel.: 07626 / 974 970 0 Dr.J.P.S.Bakshi: „Gastroenterology” Homeopathie Repertorial References
Direct references
On the basis of clinical features
Mouth: MAPPED Tongue; clean patches in center Mouth; MAPPED Tongue; red, insular patches, with Introduction
The term defines the enlargement of tongue. It is a painless condition. The tongue has a normal structure but protrudes out to a surprising degree. Etiology
1. Acute - (i) Inflammatory. (ii) Non-inflammatory (in angioneurotic 2. Chronic -Acromegaly, myxedema, amyloidosis and in children Clinical Features
Pressure Symptoms due to enlarged tongue result in spacing of Prognosis
When the cause is known, response is usually prompt. Narayana verlag, 79400 Kandern, Blumenplatz 2 Tel.: 07626 / 974 970 0 Dr.J.P.S.Bakshi: „Gastroenterology”

Source: http://www.narayana-editions.fr/homeopathy/pdf/Manual-of-Gastroenterology-J-P-S-Bakshi.05604_2%20Disorders%20of%20Tongue%20&%20Mouth.pdf