References

Abas MA, Broadhead JC (1997). Depression and anxiety among women in an urban setting in
Zimbabwe. Psychological Medicine, 27: 59–71.
Al-Subaie AS, Marwa MKH, Hamari RA, Abdul-Rahim F-A (1997). Psychiatric emergencies in a
university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Mental Health, 25: 59–68.
Almeida-Filho N, Mari J de J, Coutinho E, Franca JF, Fernandes J, Andreoli SB, Busnello ED (1997).
Brazilian multicentric study of psychiatric morbidity. Methodological features and prevalence estimates.
British Journal of Psychiatry, 171: 524–529.
American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th
edition (DSM-IV).
Washington DC, American Psychiatric Association.
Andrews G, Henderson S, Wayne Hall W (2001). Prevalence, comorbidity, disability and service
utilisation: overview of the Australian National Mental Health Survey. British Journal of Psychiatry, 178:
145–153.
Andrews G, Peters L, Guzman A-M, Bird K (1995). A comparison of two structured diagnostic
interviews: CIDI and SCAN. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 29: 124–132.
Artaud A (1935). Lettre ouverte aux médecins-chefs des asiles de fous [Open letter to medical directors
of madhouses]. Paris, La Révolution Surréaliste, No. 3.
Awas M, Kebede D, Alem A (1999). Major mental disorders in Butajira, southern Ethiopia. Acta
Psychiatrica Scandinavica
, 100(Suppl 397): 56–64.
Baingana F (1990). Personal communication.
Batra A (2000). Tobacco use and smoking cessation in the psychiatric patient. Fortschritte der Neurologie-
Psychiatrie
, 68: 80–92.
Baxter LR, Schwartz JM, Bergman KS, Szuba MP, Guzem BH, Mazziotta JC, Alazraki A, Selin CE,
Ferng HK, Munford P
(1992). Caudate glucose metabolic rate changes with both drug and behavior
therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49(9): 681–689.
Beers C (1908). A mind that found itself: an autobiography. New York, Longmans Green.
Berke J, Hyman SE (2000). Addiction, dopamine and the molecular mechanisms of memory. Neuron,
25: 515–532.
Bijl RV, Ravelli A, van Zessen G (1998). Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in the general population:
results of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Social Psychiatry and
Psychiatric Epidemiology
, 33: 587–595.
Bodekar G (2001). Lessons on integration from the developing world’s experience. British Medical
Journal
, 322(7279): 164–167.
Bower P, Byford S, Sibbald B, Ward E, King M, Lloyd M, Gabbay M (2000). Randomised controlled
trial of non-directive counselling cognitive behaviour therapy, and usual general practitioner care for
patients with depression. II: Cost-effectiveness. British Medical Journal, 321: 1389–1392.
Bowles JR (1995). Suicide in Western Samoa: an example of a suicide prevention program in a develop-
ing country. In: Diekstra RFW, Gulbinat W, Kienhorst I, De Leo D. Preventive strategies on suicide. Lieden,
Brill: 173–206.
Brookmeyer R, Gray S (2000). Methods for projecting the incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases
in aging populations: application to Alzheimer’s disease. Statistics in Medicine, 19(11–12): 1481–1493.
Brown GW, Birley JLT, Wing JK (1972). Influence of family life on the course of schizophrenic disorder:
Ellsberg MC, Pena R, Herrera A, Winkvist A, Kullgren G (1999). Domestic violence and emotional
a replication. British Journal of Psychiatry, 121: 241–258.
distress among Nicaraguan women: results from a population-based study. American Psychologist, 54: 30–
Butcher J (2000). A Nobel pursuit. Lancet, 356(9328): 1331.
Butzlaff RL, Hooley JM (1998). Expressed emotion and psychiatric relapse: a meta-analysis. Archives of
Erickson MF (1989). The STEEP Programme: helping young families alone at risk. Family Resource
General Psychiatry, 55(8): 547–552.
Coalition Report, 3: 14–15.
Caldwell CB, Gottesman II (1990). Schizophrenics kill themselves too: a review of risk factors for
Fadden G, Bebbington P, Kuipers L (1987). The burden of care: the impact of functional psychiatric
suicide. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 16: 571–589.
illness on the patient’s family. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150: 285–292.
Castellanos FX, Giedd JN, Eckburg P (1994). Quantitative morphology of the caudate nucleus in
Feksi AT, Kaamugisha J, Sander JW, Gatiti S, Shorvon SD (1991). Comprehensive primary health care
attention deficit hyperactity disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(12): 1791–1796.
antiepileptic drug treatment programme in rural and semi-urban Kenya. Lancet, 337(8738): 406–409.
Chisholm D, Sekar K, Kumar K, Kishore K, Saeed K, James S, Mubbashar M, Murthy RS (2000).
Ferketich AK, Schwartbaum JA, Frid DJ, Moeschberger ML (2000). Depression as an antecedent to
Integration of mental health care into primary care: demonstration cost-outcome study in India and heart disease among women and men in the NHANES I study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160(9):
Pakistan. British Journal of Psychiatry, 176: 581–588.
Ciechanowski PS, Katon WJ, Russo JE (2000). Depression and diabetes: impact of depressive
Fraser SFH, McGrath, St Hjohn D (2000). Information technology and telemedicine in sub-Saharan
symptoms on adherence, function, and costs. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160: 3278–3285.
Africa (editorial). British Medical Journal, 321: 465–466.
Cohen S, Tyrell DAJ, Smith AP (1991). Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold. New
Gallagher SK, Mechanic D (1996). Living with the mentally ill: effects on the health and functioning of
England Journal of Medicine, 325(9): 606–612.
other members. Social Science and Medicine, 42(12): 1691–1701.
Collins D, Lapsley G (1996). The social costs of drug abuse in Australia in 1988 and 1992. Canberra,
Gallegos A, Montero F (1999). Issues in community-based rehabilitation for persons with mental
Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health, Australian Government Printing Service illness in Costa Rica. International Journal of Mental Health, 28: 25–30.
Geerlings SW, Beekman ATF, Deeg DJH, Van Tilburg W (2000). Physical health and the onset and
Collins PY, Adler FW, Boero M, Susser E (1999a). Using local resources in Patagonia: primary care and
persistence of depression in older adults: an eight-wave prospective community-based study. Psychologi- mental health in Neuquen, Argentina. International Journal of Mental Health, 28: 3–16.
cal Medicine, 30(2): 369–380.
Collins PY, Lumerman J, Conover S, Susser E (1999b). Using local resources in Patagonia: a model of
Girolomo G de, Cozza M (2000). The Italian psychiatric reform: a 20-year perspective. International
community-based rehabilitation. International Journal of Mental Health, 28: 17–24.
Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 23(3–4): 197–214.
Conolly J (1856). The treatment of the insane without mechanical restraints. London, Smith, Elder & Co.
Gittelman M (1998). Public and private managed care. International Journal of Mental Health, 27: 3–17.
Cooper PJ, Murray L (1998). Postnatal depression. British Medical Journal, 316: 1884–1886.
Goff DC, Henderson DC, Amico D (1992). Cigarette smoking in schizophrenia: relationship to
psychopathology and medication side-effects. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149: 1189–1194.
Costello EJ, Angold A, Burns BJ, Stangl D, Tweed D, Erkanli A, Worthman CM (1996). The Great
Smoky Mountains Study of Youth: goals, design, methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R disorders.
Gold JH (1998). Gender differences in psychiatric illness and treatments: a critical review. Journal of
Archives of General Psychiatry, 53: 1129–1136.
Nervous and Mental Diseases, 186(12): 769–775.
Cottraux J (1993). Behaviour therapy. In: Sartorius N, De Girilamo G, Andrews G, German A, Eisenberg
Goldberg DP, Lecrubier Y (1995). Form and frequency of mental disorders across centres. In: Üstün TB,
L, eds. Treatment of mental disorders: a review of effectiveness. Geneva, World Health Organization: 199–235.
Sartorius N, eds. Mental illness in general health care: an international study. Chichester, John Wiley & Sonson behalf of the World Health Organization: 323–334.
Cuajungco MP, Lees GJ (1997). Zinc and Alzheimer’s disease: is there a direct link? Brain Research,
23(3): 219–236.
Gomel MK, Wutzke SE, Hardcastle DM, Lapsley H, Reznik RB (1995). Cost-effectiveness of
strategies to market and train primary healthcare physicians in brief intervention techniques for
Czerner TB (2001). What makes you tick? The brain in plain English. New York, John Wiley & Sons.
hazardous alcohol use. Social Science and Medicine, 47: 203–211.
Delange F (2000). The role of iodine in brain development. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 59(1): 75–
Gomez-Beneyto M, Bonet A, Catala MA, Puche E, Vila V (1994). Prevalence of mental disorders
among children in Valencia, Spain. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 89: 352–357.
Desjarlais R, Eisenberg L, Good B, Kleinman A (1995). World mental health: problems and priorities
Goodman E, Capitman J (2000). Depressive symptoms and cigarette smoking among teens. Pediatrics,
in low-income countries. New York, Oxford University Press.
106(4): 748–755.
Dill E, Dill C (1998). Video game violence: a review of the empirical literature. Aggression and Violent
Goodwin FK, Jamison KR (1990). Suicide, in manic-depressive illness. New York, Oxford University
Behavior, 3(4): 407–428.
DiMatteo MR, Lepper HS, Croghan TW (2000). Depression is a risk factor for noncompliance with
Gossop M, Stewart MS, Lehman P, Edwards C, Wilson A, Segar G (1998). Substance use, health and
medical treatment: meta-analysis of the effects of anxiety and depression on patient adherence. Archives social problems of service users at 54 drug treatment agencies. British Journal of Psychiatry, 173: 166–171.
of Internal Medicine, 160: 2101–2107.
Graham P, Orley J (1998). WHO and the mental health of children. World Health Forum, 19: 268–272.
Dixon L, Adams C, Lucksted A (2000). Update on family psycho-education for schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 26: 5–20.
Griffiths K, Christensen H (2000). Quality of web-based information on treatment of depression:
cross-sectional survey. British Medical Journal, 321: 1511–1515.
Dixon LB, Lehman AF (1995). Family interventions for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21(4): 631–
643.
Gureje O, Odejide AO, Olatawura MO, Ikuesan BA, Acha RA, Bamidele RW, Raji OS (1995).
Results from the Ibadan centre. In: Ustun TB, Sartorius N, eds. Mental illness in general health care: an
Dixon LB, Lehman AF, Levine J (1995). Conventional antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia.
international study. Chichester, John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the World Health Organization: 157–173.
Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21(4): 567–577.
Gureje O, Von Korff M, Simon GE, Gater R (1998). Persistent pain and well-being: a World Health
Drouet B, Pincon-Raymond M, Chambaz J, Pillot T (2000). Molecular basis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Organization study in primary care. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280(2): 147–151.
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 57(5): 705–715.
Hakimi M, Hayati EN, Marlinawati VU, Winkvist A, Ellsberg M (2001). Silence for the sake of harmony:
Edwards G, Marshall EJ, Cook CCH, eds (1997). The treatment of drinking problems: a guide to helping
domestic violence and women’s health in Central Java. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Program for Appropriate professions, 3rd edition. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
El-Din AS, Kamel FA, Randa M, Atta HY (1996) Evaluation of an educational programme for the
Harnois G, Gabriel P (2000). Mental health and work: impact, issues and good practices. Geneva, World
development of trainers in child mental health in Alexandria. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2:
Health Organization and International Labour Office (WHO/MSD/MPS/00.2).
Harpham T, Blue I, eds (1995). Urbanization and mental health in developing countries. Aldershot, UK,
Kulhara P, Wig NN (1978). The chronicity of schizophrenia in North-West India. Results of a follow-up
study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 132: 186–190.
Harris J, Best D, Man L, Welch S, Gossop M, Strang J (2000). Changes in cigarette smoking among
Lasser K, Wesley Boyd J, Woolhandler S, Himmelstein DU, McCormick D, Bor DH (2000). Smoking
alcohol and drug misusers during inpatient detoxification. Addiction Biology, 5: 443–450.
and mental illness: a population-based prevalence study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 284:
Harwood H, Fountain D, Livermore G (1998). The economic costs of alcohol and drug abuse in the United
States, 1992. Report prepared for the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Leavell HR, Clark HG (1965). Preventive medicine for the doctor in his community: an epidemiological
Abuse and Alcoholism. Rockville, MD, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIH Publication No. 98-4327).
approach, 3rd edition. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Hauenstein EJ, Boyd MR (1994). Depressive symptoms in young women of the Piedmont: prevalence
Leff J, Gamble C (1995). Training of community psychiatric nurses in family work for schizophrenia.
in rural women. Women and Health, 21(2/3): 105–123.
International Journal of Mental Health, 24: 76–88.
Heather N (1995). Treatment approaches to alcohol problems: European Alcohol Action Plan. Copenhagen,
Leff J, Wig NN, Ghosh A, Bedi A, Menon DK, Kuipers L, Morten A, Ernberg G, Day R, Sartotius N,
WHO Regional Office for Europe (WHO Regional Publications, European Series, No. 65).
Jablensky A (1987). Expressed emotion and schizophrenia in north India. III: Influences of relatives’
Heim C, Newport DJ, Heit S, Graham YP, Wilcox M, Bonsall R, Miller AH, Nemeroff CB (2000).
expressed emotion on the course of schizophrenia in Chandigarh. British Journal of Psychiatry, 151: 166–
Pituitary-adrenal and autonomic responses to stress in women after sexual and physical abuse in childhood. Journal of the American Medical Association, 284(5): 592–597.
Lehman AF, Steinwachs DM and the co-investigators of the PORT Project (1998). At issue:
Hoge MA, Davidson L, Griffith EEH, Jacobs S (1998). The crisis of managed care in the public sector.
translating research into practice. The Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) treatment International Journal of Mental Health, 27: 52–71.
recommendations. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24(1): 1–10.
Hughes JR,, Hatsukami DK, Mitchell JE, Dahlgren LA (1986). Prevalence of smoking among
Leon DA, Shkolnikov VM (1998). Social stress and the Russian mortality crisis. Journal of the American
psychiatric outpatients. Americal Journal of Psychiatry, 143: 993–997.
Medical Association, 279(10): 790–791.
Hyman SE (2000). Mental illness: genetically complex disorders of neural circuitry and neural communi-
Leonardis M de, Mauri D, Rotelli F (1994). L’imresa sociale. Milan, Anabasi.
cation. Neuron, 28: 321–323.
Leshner AI (1997). Addiction is a brain disease, and it matters. Science, 278(5335): 45–47.
ILAE/IBE/WHO (2000). Global campaign against epilepsy. Geneva, World Health Organization.
Lester D (1995). Preventing suicide by restricting access to methods for suicide. In: Diekstra RFW,
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (2001). Epidemiological study of child and adolescent
Gulbinat W, Kienhorst I, De Leo D, eds. Preventive strategies on suicide. Lieden, Brill: 163–172.
psychiatric disorders in urban and rural areas. New Delhi, Indian Council of Medical Research (unpub- Lester D, Murrell ME (1980). The influence of gun control laws on suicidal behaviour. American Journal
of Psychiatry, 137: 121–122.
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) (2000). World disasters
Levav I, Gonzalez VR (2000). Rights of persons with mental illness in Central America. Acta Psychiatrica
report. Geneva, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
Scandinavica, 101: 83–86.
International Network of Clinical Epidemiologists (INCLEN) (2001). World Studies of Abuse in Family
Lewinsohn PM, Hops H, Roberts RE, Seeley JR, Andrews JA (1993). Adolescent psychopathology. I:
Environments (WorldSAFE). Manila, International Network of Clinical Epidemiologists.
Prevalence and incidence of depression and other DSM-III-R disorders in high school students. Journal Jablensky A, Sartorius N, Ernberg G, Anker M, Korten A, Cooper JE, Day R, Bertelsen A (1992).
of Abnormal Psychology, 102: 133–144 (erratum, 102: 517).
Schizophrenia: manifestations, incidence and course in different cultures: a World Health Organization Lewis DA, Lieberman JA (2000). Catching up on schizophrenia: natural history and neurobiology.
ten-country study. Psychological Medicine Monograph, 20 (Suppl).
Neuron, 28: 325–334.
Jaffe JH (1995). Encyclopedia of drugs and alcohol, Volume 1. New York, Simon and Schuster.
Lindeman S, Hämäläinen J, Isometsä E, Kaprio J, Poikolainin K, Heikkinen A, Aro H (2000). The
Jernigan DH, Monteiro M, Room R, Saxena S (2000). Towards a global alcohol policy: alcohol, public
12-month prevalence and risk factors for major depressive episode in Finland: representative sample of health and the role of WHO. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78: 491–499.
5993 adults. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 102: 178–184.
Katona C, Livingston G (2000). Impact of screening old people with physical illness for depression.
Lustman PJ, Freedland KE, Griffith LS, Clouse RE (2000). Fluoxetine for depression in diabetes: a
Lancet, 356: 91.
randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Care, 23(5): 618–623.
Kellerman AL, Rivara FP, Somes G, Reay DT, Francisco J, Benton JG, Prodzinski J, Fligner C,
Lustman PJ, Griffith LS, Clause RE, Freedland KE, Eisen SA, Rubin EH, Carney RM, McGill JB
Hackman BB (1992). Suicide in the home in relation to gun ownership. New England Journal of Medicine,
(1995). Effects of alprazolam on glucose regulation in diabetes: results of a double-blind, placebo- 327: 467–472.
controlled trial. Diabetes Care, 18(8): 1133–1139.
Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhao S, Nelson CB, Hughes M, Eshleman S, Wittchen HU, Kendler
Lustman PJ, Griffith LS, Clause RE, Freedland KE, Eisen SA, Rubin EH, Carney RM, McGill JB
KS (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States.
(1997). Effects of nortriptyline on depression and glycemic control in diabetes: results of a double-blind Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51: 8–19.
placebo-controlled trial. Psychosomatic Medicine, 59(3): 241–250.
Kielcot-Glaser JK, Page GG, Marucha PT, MacCallum RC, Glaser R (1999). Psychological influences
McGorry PD (2000). Evaluating the importance of reducing the duration of untreated psychosis.
on surgical recovery: perspectives from psychoneuroimmunology. American Psychologist, 53(11): 1209–
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 34 (suppl.): 145–149.
McLellan AT, Lewis DC, O’Brien CP, Kleber HD (2000). Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness:
Kilonzo GP, Simmons N (1998). Development of mental health services in Tanzania: a reappraisal for
implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation. Journal of the American Medical Associa- the future. Social Science and Medicine, 47: 419-428.
tion, 284(13): 1689–1695.
Klein N (1999). No logo: taking on the brand bullies. New York, Picador.
Maj M, Janssen R, Starace F, Zaudig M, Satz P, Sughondhabirom B, Luabeya M, Riedel R, Ndetei
D, Calil B, Bing EG, St Louis M, Sartorius N
(1994a). WHO Neuropsychiatric AIDS Study, Cross-
Kohn R, Dohrenwend BP, Mirotznik J (1998). Epidemiological findings on selected psychiatric
sectional Phase I: Study design and psychiatric findings. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51(1): 39–49.
disorders in the general population. In: Dohrenwend BP, ed. Adversity, stress, and psychopathology. Oxford,Oxford University Press: 235–284.
Maj M, Satz P, Janssen R, Zaudig M, Starace F, D’Elia L, Sughondhabirom B, Mussa M, Naber D,
Dnetei D, Schulte G, Sartorius N
(1994b). WHO Neuropsychiatric AIDS Study, Cross-sectional Phase
Kopp MS, Skrabski A, Szedmark S (2000). Psychosocial risk factors, inequality and self-rated morbid-
II: Neuropsychological and neurological findings. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51(1): 51–61.
ity in a changing society. Social Science and Medicine, 51: 1351–1361.
Management Sciences for Health (from 2001, in collaboration with WHO). International drug price
Kuipers L, Bebbington PE (1990). Working partnership: clinicians and carers in the management of
indicator guide. Arlington, VA, Management Sciences for Health.
longstanding mental illness. Oxford, Heinemann Medical.
Mani KS, Rangan G, Srinivas HV, Srindharan VS, Subbakrishna DK (2001). Epilepsy control with
PAHO (1991). Declaration of Caracas, 1990. International Digest of Health Legislation, 42(2): 336–338.
phenobarbital or phenytoin in rural south India: the Yelandur study. Lancet, 357: 1316–1320.
Pai S, Kapur RL (1982). Impact on treatment intervention on the relationship between the dimensions
Meerding WJ, Bonneux L, Polder JJ, Koopmanschap MA, Maas PJ van der (1998). Demographic and
of clinical psychopathology, social dysfunction and burden on families of schizophrenic patients.
epidemiological determinants of healthcare costs in the Netherlands: cost of illness study. British Medical Psychological Medicine, 12: 651–658.
Journal, 317: 111–115.
Pal DK, Das T, Chaudhury G, Johnson AL, Neville B (1998). Randomised controlled trial to assess
Mendlowicz MV, Stein MB (2000). Quality of life in individuals with anxiety disorders. American Journal
acceptability of phenobarbital for epilepsy in rural India. Lancet, 351(9095): 19–23.
of Psychiatry, 157(5): 669–682.
Patel A, Knapp MRJ (1998). Costs of mental illness in England. Mental Health Research Review, 5: 4–10.
Merkl PE (1993). Which are today’s democracies? International Social Science Journal, 136: 257–270.
Patel V (2001). Poverty, inequality, and mental health in developing countries. In: Leon D, Walt G, eds.
Mishara BL, Ystgaard M (2000). Exploring the potential for primary prevention: evaluation of the
Poverty, inequality and health: an international perspective. Oxford, Oxford University Press: 247–261.
Befrienders International Reaching Young People Pilot Programme in Denmark. Crisis, 21(1): 4–7.
Patel V, Araya R, de Lima M, Ludermir A, Todd C (1999). Women, poverty and common mental
Mittelman MS, Ferris SH, Shulman E, Steinberg G, Levin B (1996). A family intervention to delay
disorders in four restructuring societies. Social Science and Medicine, 49: 1461–1471.
nursing home placement of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of the American Medical Association, Paykel ES (1994). Life events, social support and depression. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 377 (Suppl):
276(21): 1725–1731.
Mohit A (1999). Mental health in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization
Pearson V (1992). Community and culture: a Chinese model of community care for the mentally ill.
with a view to future trends. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 5: 231–240.
International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 38: 163–178.
Mohit A, Saeed K, Shahmohammadi D, Bolhari J, Bina M, Gater R, Mubbashar MH (1999). Mental
Pearson V (1995). Goods on which one loses: women and mental health in China. Social Science and
health manpower development in Afghanistan: a report on a training course for primary health care Medicine, 41(8): 1159–1173.
physicians. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 5: 231–240.
Pharaoh FM, Marij J, Streiner D (2000). Family intervention for schizophrenia. Cochrane Collaboration
Morita H, Suzuki M, Suzuki S, Kamoshita S (1993). Psychiatric disorders in Japanese secondary school
database of systematic reviews, 1: 1–36.
children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 34: 317–332.
Pomerleau OF, Downey KK, Stelson FW, Polerleau CS (1995). Cigarette smoking in adult patients
Mubbashar MH (1999). Mental health services in rural Pakistan. In: Tansella M, Thornicroft G, eds.
diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Substance Abuse, 7(3): 373–378.
Common mental disorders in primary care. London, Routledge.
Radomsky ED, Haas GL, Mann JJ, Sweeney JA (1999). Suicidal behavior in patients with schizophre-
Murray CJL, Lopez AD, eds (1996a). The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality
nia and other psychotic disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(10): 1590–1595.
and disability from diseases, injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Cambridge, MA, HarvardSchool of Public Health on behalf of the World Health Organization and the World Bank (Global Burden Ranrakha S, Caspi A, Dickson N, Moffitt TE, Paul C (2000). Psychiatric disorders and risky sexual
of Disease and Injury Series, Vol. I).
behaviours in young adulthood: cross sectional study in birth cohort. British Medical Journal, 321(7256):
263–266.
Murray CJL, Lopez AD (1996b). Global health statistics. Cambridge, MA, Harvard School of Public
Health on behalf of the World Health Organization and the World Bank (Global Burden of Disease and
Rashliesel J, Scott K, Dixon L (1999). Co-occurring severe mental illness and substance abuse disor-
ders: a review of recent research. Psychiatric Services, 50(11): 1427–1434.
Murray CJL, Lopez AD (1997). Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990–2020:
Reed GM, Kemeny ME, Taylor SE, Wang HYJ, Vissher BR (1994). Realistic acceptance as a predictor
Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet, 349: 1498–1504.
of decreased survival time in gay men with AIDS. Health Psychology, 13(4): 299–307.
Murray CJL, Lopez AD (2000). Progress and directions in refining the global burden of disease
Regier DA, Boyd JH, Burke JD, Rae DS, Myers JK, Kramer M, Robins LN, George LK, Karno M,
approach: a response to Williams. Health Economics, 9: 69–82.
Locke BZ (1988). One-month prevalence of mental disorders in the United States. Based on five
Epidemiologic Catchment Area sites. Archives of General Psychiatry 45: 977–986.
Mynors-Wallis L (1996). Problem-solving treatment: evidence for effectiveness and feasibility in
primary care. International Journal of Psychiatry Medicine, 26: 249–262.
Rezaki MS, Ozgen G, Kaplan I, Gursoy BM, Sagduyu A, Ozturk OM (1995). Results from the Ankara
centre. In: Ustun TB, Sartorius N, eds. Mental illness in general health care: an international study. Chiches-
Narayan D, Chambers R, Shah MK, Petesch P (2000). Voices of the poor, crying out for change. New York,
ter, John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the World Health Organization: 39–55.
Oxford University Press for the World Bank.
Rice DP, Fox PJ, Max W, Webber PA, Lindeman DA, Hauck WW, Segura E (1993). The economic
National Human Rights Commission (1999). Quality assurance in mental health. New Delhi, National
burden of Alzheimer’s disease care. Health Affairs, 12(2): 164–176.
Rice DP, Kelman S, Miller LS (1991). Estimates of economic costs of alcohol and drug abuse and
New Mexico Department of Health (2001). Alcohol-related hospital charges in New Mexico for 1998
mental illness, 1985 and 1988. Public Health Reports, 106(3): 280–292.
estimated at $51 million. New Mexico Department of Health (Press Release, 16 January 2001).
Rice DP, Kelman S, Miller LS, Dummeyer S (1990). The economic costs of alcohol and drug abuse and
Newman SC, Bland RC, Orn HT (1998). The prevalence of mental disorders in the elderly in Edmon-
mental illness: 1985. Rockville, MD, Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration (Publication ton: a community survey using GMS-AGECAT. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 43: 910–914.
NIDA (2000). Principles of drug addiction treatment: a research-based guide. Bethesda, MD, National
Riley L, Marshall M, eds (1999). Alcohol and public health in eight developing countries. Geneva,World
Institute on Drug Abuse (NIH Publication No.00-4180).
Health Organization (unpublished document WHO/HSC/SAB/99.9).
Notzon FC, Komarov YM, Ermakov SP, Sempos CT, Marks JS, Sempos EV (1998). Causes of
Rosenbaum JF, Hylan TR (1999). Costs of depressive disorders. In: Maj M, Sartorius N, eds. Evidence
declining life expectancy in Russia. Journal of the American Medical Association, 279(10): 793–800.
and practice in psychiatry: depressive disorders. New York, John Wiley & Sons: 401–449.
O’Brien SJ, Menotti-Raymond M, Murphy WJ, Nash WG, Wienberg J, Stanyon R, Copeland NG,
Rosenberg ML, Mercy JA, Potter LB (1999). Firearms and suicide. New England Journal of Medicine, 341:
Jenkins NA, Womack JE, Marshall Graves JA (1999). The promise of comparative genomics in
mammals. Science, 286: 458–481.
Rossow I (2000). Suicide, violence and child abuse: a review of the impact of alcohol consumption on
Okasha A, Karam E (1998). Mental health services and research in the Arab world. Acta Psychiatrica
social problems. Contemporary Drug Problems, 27(3): 397–334.
Scandinavica, 98: 406–413.
Rutz W, Knorring L, Walinder, J (1995). Long-term effects of an educational program for general
Orley J, Kuyken W (1994). Quality of life assessment: international perspectives. Basel, Springer-Verlag.
practitioners given by the Swedish Committee for the Prevention and Treatment of Depression. Acta Orley J, Saxena S, Herrman H (1998). Quality of life and mental illness: reflections from the perspective
Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 85: 83–88.
of WHOQOL. British Journal of Psychiatry, 172: 291–293.
Saeed K, Rehman I, Mubbashar MH (2000). Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among the attendees
Tansella M, Thornicroft G, eds. (1999). Common mental disorders in primary care. London, Routledge.
of a native faithhealer at Rawalpindi. Journal of College of Physicians and Surgeons of Pakistan, 10: 7–9.
Thara R, Eaton WW (1996). Outcome of schizophrenia: the Madras longitudinal study. Australian and
Sankar R, Pulger T, Rai B, Gomathi S, Gyatso TR, Pandav CS (1998). Epidemiology of endemic
New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 30(4): 516–522.
cretinism in Sikkim, India. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 65(2): 303–309.
Thara R, Henrietta M, Joseph A, Rajkumar S, Eaton WW (1994). Ten-year course of schizophrenia:
Saraceno B, Barbui C (1997). Poverty and mental illness. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42: 285–290.
the Madras longitudinal study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 90: 344–351.
Sartorius N (1997). Fighting schizophrenia and its stigma. A new World Psychiatric Association
Thornicroft G, Sartorius N (1993). The course and outcome of depression in different cultures: 10-year
educational programme. British Journal of Psychiatry, 170: 297.
follow-up of the WHO Collaborative Study on the Assessment of Depressive Disorders. Psychological Sartorius N (1998a). Stigma: what can psychiatrists do about it? Lancet, 352(9133): 1058–1059.
Medicine, 23: 1023–1032.
Sartorius N (1998b). Scientific work in the Third World Countries. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 98:
Thornicroft G, Tansella M (2000). Balancing community-based and hospital-based mental health care: the
new agenda. Geneva, World Health Organization (unpublished document).
Sartorius N, Jablensky A, Korten A, Ernberg G, Anker M, Cooper JE, Day R (1986). Early manifesta-
Tomov T (1999). Central and Eastern European countries. In: Thornicroft G, Tansella G, eds. The mental
tions and first-contact incidence of schizophrenia in different cultures. A preliminary report on the initial health matrix: a manual to improve services. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 216–227.
evaluation phase of the WHO Collaborative Study on determinants of outcome of severe mental True WR, Xian H, Scherrer JF, Madden PAF, Kathleen K, Health AC, Andrew C, Eisen SA, Lyons
disorders. Psychological Medicine, 16: 909–928.
MJ, Goldberg J, Tsuang M (1999). Common genetic vulnerability for nicotine and alcohol dependence
Sartorius N, Janca A (1996). Psychiatric assessment instruments developed by the World Health
in men. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56: 655–661.
Organization. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 31(2): 55–69.
UK700 Group (1999). Predictors of quality of life in people with severe mental illness. British Journal of
Schulberg HC, Block MR, Madonia MJ, Scott CP, Rodriguez E, Imber SD, Perel J, Lave J, Houck PR,
Psychiatry, 175: 426–432.
Coulehan JL (1996). Treating major depression in primary care practice: eight-month clinical outcomes.
UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS) (2000). Report on the global HIV/AIDS
Archives of General Psychiatry, 53: 913–919.
Schulberg HC, Katon W, Simon GE, Rush J (1998). Treating major depression in primary care practice:
United Nations (1957; 1977). Standard minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners. New York, United
an update of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Practice Guidelines. Archives of General Nations (ECOSOC resolution 663C (XXIV); ECOSOC resolution 2076 (LXII)).
Psychiatry, 55: 1121–1127.
United Nations (1989). Convention on the Rights of the Child. New York, United Nations (UNGA
Scott RA, Lhatoo SD, Sander JWAS (2001). The treatment of epilepsy in developing countries: where
do we go from here? Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 79: 344–351.
United Nations (1991). The protection of persons with mental illness and the improvement of mental health
Senanayake N, Román GC (1993). Epidemiology of epilepsy in developing countries. Bulletin of the
care. UN General Assembly resolution A/RES/46.119 (available at: http://www.un.org/ga/documents/ World Health Organization, 71: 247–258.
Shaffer D, Fisher P, Dulcan MK, Davies M, Piacentini J, Schwab-Stone ME, Lahey BB, Bourdon K,
Upanne M, Hakanen J, Rautava M (1999). Can suicide be prevented? The suicide project in Finland 1992–
Jensen PS, Bird HR, Canino C, Regier DA (1996). The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for
1996: goals, implementation and evaluation. Saarijävi, Stakes.
Children version 2.3 (DISC-2.3): description acceptability, prevalence rates, and performance in the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) (1999). Mental health: a report of the Surgeon
MECA study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35: 865–877.
General – Executive summary. Rockville, MD, Department of Health and Human Services, US Public Somasundaram DJ, van de Put WA, Eisenbach M, Jong JT de (1999). Starting mental health services
in Cambodia. Social Science and Medicine, 48(8): 1029–1046.
US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) (2001). Report of the Surgeon General’s
Spagna ME, Cantwell DP, Baker L (2000). Reading disorder. In: Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, etc. Comprehen-
Conference on Children’s Mental Health: a national action agenda. Rockville, MD, US Department of Health sive textbook of psychiatry. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 2614–2619.
Spiegel D, Bloom JR, Kraemer HC, Gottheil E (1989). Effect of psychosocial treatment on survival of
Üstün TB, Rehm J, Chatterji S, Saxena S, Trotter R, Room R, Bickenbach J, and the WHO/NIH Joint
patients with metastatic breast cancer. Lancet, 2(8668): 888–891.
Project CAR Study Group (1999). Multiple-informant ranking of the disabling effects of different
Srinivasa Murthy R (2000). Reaching the unreached. The Lancet Perspective, 356: 39.
health conditions in 14 countries. Lancet, 354(9173): 111–115.
Sriram TG, Chandrasekar CR, Issac MK, Srinivasa Murthy R, Shanmugam V (1990). Training
Üstün TB, Sartorius N (1995). Mental illness in general health care: an international study. Chichester, John
primary care medical officers in mental health care: an evaluation using a multiple choice questionnaire.
Wiley & Sons on behalf of the World Health Organization.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 81: 414–417.
Vijayakumar L (2001). Personal communication.
Starace F, Baldassarre C, Biancolilli V, Fea M, Serpelloni G, Bartoli L, Maj M (1998). Early neuropsy-
Von Korff M, Moore JE, Lorig K, Cherkin DC, Saunders K, Gonzalez VM, Laurent D, Rutter C,
chological impairment in HIV-seropositive intravenous drug users: evidence from the Italian Multicentre Comite F (1998). A randomized trial of a lay person-led self-management group intervention for back
Neuropsychological HIV Study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 97(2): 132–138.
pain patients in primary care. Spine, 23(23): 2608–2615.
Steinhausen HC, Winkler C, Metzke CW, Meier M, Kannenberg R (1998). Prevalence of child and
Vos T, Mathers CD (2000). Burden of mental disorders: Australia and Global Burden of Disease studies.
adolescent psychiatric disorders: the Zurich Epidemiological Study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 98:
Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78: 427–438.
Vroublevsky A, Harwin J (1998). Russia. In: Grant M, ed. Alcohol and emerging markets: patterns, problems
Summerfield D (2001). The invention of post-traumatic stress disorder and the social usefulness of a
and responses. Philadelphia, Brunner Mazel: 203–223.
psychiatric category. British Medical Journal, 322 (7278): 95–98.
Wang X, Gao L, Zhang H, Zhao C, Shen Y, Shinfuku N (2000). Post-earthquake quality of life and
Tadesse B, Kebede D, Tegegne T, Alem A (1999). Childhood behavioural disorders in Ambo district,
psychological well being: longitudinal evaluation in a rural community sample in Northern China.
Western Ethiopia: I. Prevalence estimates. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 100(Suppl): 92–97.
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 54: 427–433.
Talbott, JA (1999). The American experience with managed care – how Europe can avoid it. In: Guimon
Ward E, King M, Lloyd M, Bower P, Sibbald B, Farelly S, Gabbay M, Tarrier N, Addington-Hall J
J, Sartorius N, eds. Manage or perish? The challenges of managed mental health in Europe. New York, (2000). Randomised controlled trial of non-directive counselling, cognitive behaviour therapy and usual general practitioner care for patients with depression. I: clinical effectiveness. British Medical Journal, 321:
Tangchararoensathien V, Harnvoravongchai P, Pitayarangsarit S, Kasemsup V (2000). Health aspects
of rapid socioeconomic changes in Thailand. Social Science and Medicine, 51: 789–807.
Wells JE, Bushnell JA, Hornblow AR, Joyce PR, Oakley-Browne MA (1989). Christchurch Psychiatric
World Health Organization (1997a). Violence against women. Geneva, World Health Organization
Epidemiology Study, part I: methodology and lifetime prevalence for specific psychiatric disorders.
(unpublished document WHO/FRH/WHD/97.8).
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 23: 315–326.
World Health Organization (1997b). An overview of a strategy to improve the mental health of underserved
Weyerer S, Castell R, Biener A, Artner K, Dilling H (1988). Prevalence and treatment of psychiatric
populations: Nations for Mental Health. Geneva, World Health Organization (unpublished document disorders in 3–14-year-old children: results of a representative field study in the small rural town region of Traunstein, Upper Bavaria. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 77: 290–296.
World Health Organization (1998). WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, thirtieth report. Geneva,
Whiteford H,Thompson I, Casey D (2000). The Australian mental health system. International Journal of
World Health Organization (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 873).
Law and Psychiatry, 23(3–4): 403–417.
World Health Organization (1999). Global status report on alcohol. Geneva, World Health Organization
WHO International Consortium of Psychiatric Epidemiology (2000). Cross-national comparisons of
(unpublished document WHO/HSC/SAB/99.11).
mental disorders. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78: 413–426.
World Health Organization (2000a). Gender and the use of medications: a systematic review. Geneva,
WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence (2001). Preliminary results.
World Health Organization (unpublished working document WHO/GHW).
World Health Organization (2000b). Women’s mental health: an evidence-based review. Geneva, World
Wilk AI, Jensen NM, Havighurst TC (1997). Meta-analysis of randomized control trials addressing
Health Organization (unpublished document WHO/MSD/MHP/00.1).
brief interventions in heavy alcohol drinkers. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 12: 274–283.
World Health Organization (2000c). The World Health Report 2000 – Health systems: improving perform-
Williams DR, Williams-Morris, R (2000). Racism and mental health: the African American experience.
ance. Geneva, World Health Organization.
Ethnicity and Health, 5(3/4): 243–268.
World Health Organization (2001). Mental health resources in the world. Initial results of Project Atlas.
Winefield HR, Harvey EJ (1994). Needs of family care-givers in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophrenia
Geneva, World Health Organization (Fact Sheet No. 260, April 2001).
Bulletin, 20(3): 557–566.
Xu Huilan, Xiao Shuiyuan, Chen Jiping, Lui Lianzhong (2000). Epidemiological study on committed
Wing JK, Cooper JE, Sartorius N (1974). The measurement and classification of psychiatric symptoms.
suicide among the elderly in some urban and rural areas of Hunan province, China. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 14(2): 121–124.
Wintemute GJ, Parham CA, Beaumont JJ, Wright M, Drake C (1999). Mortality among recent
Ziegelstein RC, Fauerbach JA, Stevens SS, Romanelli J, Richter DP, Bush DE (2000). Patients with
purchasers of handguns. New England Journal of Medicine, 341: 1583–1589.
depression are less likely to follow recommendations to reduce cardiac risk during recovery from a Wittchen HU, Nelson CB, Lachner G (1998). Prevalence of mental disorders and psychosocial
myocardial infarction. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160: 1818–1823.
impairments in adolescents and young adults. Psychological Medicine, 28: 109–126.
Zimmerman M, McDermut W, Mattia JI (2000). Frequency of anxiety disorders in psychiatric
Wittchen HU, Robins LN, Cottler LB, Sartorius N, Burke JD, Regier D and Participants in the
outpatients with major depressive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157: 1337–1340.
Multicentre WHO/ADAMHA Field Trials (1991). British Journal of Psychiatry, 159: 645–653.
World Bank (1993). World development report 1993: investing in health. New York, Oxford University Press
for the World Bank.
World Bank (1999). Development in practice – Curbing the epidemic: governments and the economics of
tobacco control
. Washington DC, World Bank.
World Health Organization (1975). Organization of mental health services in developing countries. Sixteenth
report of the WHO Expert Committee on Mental Health, December 1974.
Geneva, World Health Organization
(WHO Technical Report Series, No. 564).
World Health Organization (1988). Benzidiazepines and therapeutic counselling. Report from a WHO
Collaborative Study
. Berlin, Springer-Verlag.
World Health Organization (1989). Consumer involvement in mental health and rehabilitation services.
Geneva, World Health Organization (unpublished document WHO/MNH/MEP/89.7).
World Health Organization (1990). WHO child care facility schedule. Geneva, World Health Organiza-
tion (unpublished document WHO/MNH/PSF/90.3).
World Health Organization (1992a). International statistical classification of diseases and related health
problems, Tenth revision 1992 (ICD-10). Vol. 1: Tabular list. Vol. 2: Instruction manual. Vol. 3: Alphabetical index
.
Geneva, World Health Organization.
World Health Organization (1992b). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: clinical
descriptions and diagnostic guidelines
. Geneva, World Health Organization.
World Health Organization (1993a). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders:
diagnostic criteria for research
. Geneva, World Health Organization.
World Health Organization (1993b). Essential treatments in psychiatry. Geneva, World Health Organiza-
tion (unpublished document WHO/MNH/MND/93.26).
World Health Organization (1994). Cause-of-death statistics and vital rates, civil registration systems
and alternative sources of information. World Health Statistics Annual 1993, Section A/B: China 11–17.
World Health Organization (1995). Psychosocial rehabilitation: a consensus statement. Geneva, World
Health Organization (unpublished document WHO/MNH/MND/96.2).
World Health Organization (1996). WHO Brief Intervention Study Group: a cross-national trial of brief
interventions with heavy drinkers. American Journal of Public Health, 86: 948–955.

Source: http://www.iwb.ch/site/rundgang/uploads/mat_3_13.pdf

Countryprofile

COSTA RICA December 2005 Estimated number of people needing antiretroviral therapy (0-49 years), 2005:Antiretroviral therapy target declared by country: 1. Demographic and socioeconomic data 2. HIV indicators Adult prevalence of HIV/AIDS (15-49 years)antiretroviral therapy (0-49 years), 2005antiretroviral therapy (0-49 years), 2005HIV testing and counselling sites: number o

Capitulo 7

Relaciones entre estructura e historia de la ciencia Dr. César Lorenzano Este artículo fue presentado en el Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Historia de la Ciencia y la Tecnología que se realizó en Puebla, México, en 1982, y en el que se fundó la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Historia de la Ciencia y la Tecnología. Se encuentra publicado en la primera edición (1988) de La estruct

Copyright © 2013-2018 Pharmacy Abstracts